进化心理学：心理的新科学(第6版，英文版)

作者简介

戴维？巴斯在加州大学伯克利分校获得博士学位。他最初在哈佛大学任教，后来前往密歇根大学就职，而后担任得克萨斯大学心理学教授至今。他主要的研究兴趣包括人类性行为、择偶策略、两性冲突、凶杀、跟踪骚扰和性侵害。巴斯已经出版了6 部著作，发表了300 多篇学术论文，也获得了众多奖项，包括美国心理学协会（APA）颁发的心理学早期生涯杰出科学贡献奖、斯坦利？霍尔讲席、杰出科学家演讲奖以及本书第1 版荣获的罗伯特？哈密尔顿图书奖。他还主编了第一部综合性的《进化心理学手册》（Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology），与帕特里夏？霍利（Patricia Hawley）合编了《人格的进化与个体差异》（The Evolution of Personality and Individual Differences）。2013 年，他被评为世界上最有影响力的30 位在世心理学家之一。他热衷于在美国和世界各地广泛开展跨文化研究合作和发表学术演讲。他的业余爱好有网球、壁球和飞盘高尔夫，同时他还是一名狂热的电影爱好者。

内容简介

As the archeologist dusted off the dirt and debris from the skeleton, she noticed something strange: The left side of the skull had a large dent, apparently from a ferocious blow, and the rib cage—also on the left side—had the head of a spear lodged in it. Back in the laboratory, scientists determined that the skeleton was that of a Neanderthal man who had died roughly 50,000 years ago, the earliest known homicide victim. His killer, judging from the damage to the skull and rib cage, bore the lethal weapon in his right hand. The fossil record of injuries to bones reveals two strikingly common patterns (Jurmain et al., 2009; Trinkaus & Zimmerman, 1982; Walker, 1995). First, the skeletons of men contain far more fractures and dents than do the skeletons of women. Second, the injuries are located mainly on the left frontal sides of the skulls and skeletons, suggesting mostly right-handed attackers. The bone record alone cannot tell us with certainty that combat among men was a central feature of human ancestral life. Nor can it tell us with certainty that men evolved to be the more physically aggressive sex. But skeletal remains provide clues that yield a fascinating piece of the puzzle of where we came from, the forces that shaped who we are, and the nature of our minds today. The huge human brain, approximately 1,350 cubic centimeters, is the most complex organic structure in the known world. Understanding the human mind/brain mechanisms in evolutionary perspective is the goal of the new scientific discipline called evolutionary psychology. Evolutionary psychology focuses on four key questions: (1) Why is the mind designed the way it is—that is, what causal processes created, fashioned, or shaped the human mind into its current form? (2) How is the human mind designed—what are its mechanisms or component parts, and how are they organized? (3) What are the functions of the component parts and their organized structure—that is, what is the mind designed to do? (4) How does input from the current environment interact with the design of the human mind to produce observable behavior? Contemplating the mysteries of the human mind is not new. Ancient Greeks such as Aristotle and Plato wrote manifestos on the subject. More recently, theories of the human mind such as the Freudian theory of psychoanalysis, the Skinnerian theory of reinforcement, and connectionism have vied for the attention of psychologists. Only within the past few decades have we acquired the conceptual tools to synthesize our understanding of the human mind under one unifying theoretical framework—that of evolutionary psychology. This discipline pulls together findings from all disciplines of the mind, including those of brain imaging; learning and memory; attention, emotion, and passion; attraction, jealousy, and sex; self-esteem, status, and self-sacrifice; parenting, persuasion, and perception; kinship, warfare, and aggression; cooperation, altruism, and helping; ethics, morality, religion, and medicine; and commitment, culture, and consciousness. This book offers an introduction to evolutionary psychology and provides a road map to this new science of the mind. This chapter starts by tracing the major landmarks in the history of evolutionary biology that were critical to the emergence of evolutionary psychology. Then we turn to the history of the field of psychology and show the progression of accomplishments that led to the need for integrating evolutionary theory with modern psychology. 进化心理学领域的标杆之作，兼具权威性和可读性，从进化的视角看待人类的心理和行为。